![]() Feldm ühle began to produce materials for the war effort. At the beginning of World War I, most outstanding orders were immediately canceled and no new orders were given. Two years later, countercurrent to the rest of the German economy, the production rate of the paper-manufacturing industry entered a phase of decline. In 1911 Feldm ühle continued to diversify, with the production of newsprint at the Oderm ünde factory. Construction was complicated at the unfavorable location, the marshy meadows of the Oder valley 85,890 meters of concrete posts were needed to support the building. ![]() In 1910 the company ’s name was changed to Feldm ühle Paper and Cellulose Works AG, and in the same year work began on a new plant at Oderm ünde near Stettin. In spite of initial trading difficulties and falling prices in the paper market at the beginning of the 20th century, Feldm ühle expanded its production capacity, a move which was to bear fruit during the next phase of economic growth. Because of the company ’s increasing size, its headquarters was transferred to Breslau in 1895. In 1899 a second paper factory went into production at Cosel. Subsequently a paper factory was established at Cosel and the works at Liebau were also converted for this purpose. Instead of merely producing unfinished materials for use by paper factories, as had previously been the case, it was decided in 1895 that the company itself should undertake paper production. Because of good trading conditions, diversification was planned. The company ’s name was changed to Feldm ühle Cellulose Factory. Cosel ’s location at the intersection of the navigable Oder and the railway was equally favorable for the delivery of wood and coal and for the dispatch of the end product. In 1891, because of unstable water levels on the Bober, the supervisory board agreed to build a new cellulose factory at Cosel on the Oder River. During the next three years, despite a general decline in cellulose prices, the company was able to increase the return on sales of Feldm ühle cellulose due to its high quality. By the following year, an increase in capitalization had already been approved. After the necessary construction work had been completed, the factory went into production in October 1886, with two boilers for cellulose production. Gottstein was appointed director of the company. In August 1885, Gottstein, along with other partners, founded the Feldm ühle Silesian Sulphite and Cellulose Factory. The mill, which is first mentioned in 1285, belonged originally to the Cistercian monks of Kloster Gr üssau near Liebau. He planned to establish a cellulose factory there. Gottstein, a scientist who had just completed his doctorate, purchased the Feldm ühle, an old mill at Liebau in Silesia, on the Bober River. ![]() Each of the three Feno subsidiaries has a long tradition of independent industrial production. Feldm ühle AG in D üsseldorf produces paper and technical ceramics, Dynamit Nobel AG in Troisdorf manufactures explosives and plastics, and Buderus AG in Wetzlar, which manufactures specialty steel and foundry products, is one of the leading manufacturers in the heating-technology and machine-tool engineering sectors. The new group provides an umbrella for the operations of three independent Aktiengesellschaften -Feldm ühle AG, Dynamit Nobel AG, and Buderus AG -each with its own management and supervisory boards and all with very different products. Feno, founded after this, represents the surviving industrial core of the earlier group. Friedrich Karl Flick, the owner, dissolved the Flick group by selling his shares. Feno is the legal successor to Friedrich Flick Industriever waltung KGaA, which became an Aktiengesellschaft (public limited company) and was acquired by Deutsche Bank from the Flick group on December 31, 1985. The conglomerate Feldm ühle Nobel (Feno) has existed only since 1986. Public Company Incorporated: 1985 Employees: 35,375 Sales: DM9.51 billion (US$5.63 billion) Stock Exchanges: D üsseldorf Frankfurt Hanover Berlin Hamburg Stuttgart Bremen Munich Postfach 3209 M önchenwerther StraD üsseldorf 11 Federal Republic of Germany (0211)58000 Fax: (0211) 58 0249
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